Advanced Biobanking and Biotechnology

Biobank in Genomics

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The stated aim of the Genomics and Personalized Medicine Act is to secure the promise of personalized medicine for all Americans by expanding and accelerating genomics research and initiatives to improve the accuracy of disease diagnosis, increase the safety of drugs, and identify novel treatments, and for other purposes. This past May, Congressman Patrick Kennedy (D-RI) and Congresswoman Anna Eshoo (D-CA) re-introduced a personalized medicine bill to the U.S. House of Representatives. The bill was originally introduced in 2006 by then-Senator from Illinois Barack Obama. While HR 5440, also known as the Genomics and Personalized Medicine Act of 2010 (GPMA 2010) Despite its narrow definition of personalized medicine, GPMA 2010 includes several expansive initiatives. GPMA 2010 would appropriate $150 million for fiscal year 2011 to accomplish these initiatives, including the creation of an Office of Personalized Healthcare and several committees to address translational challenges of personalized medicine, the standardization of the collection of human biological samples, the funding of further research and education on personalized medicine, and the creation of a national Biobanks.

Genomic Sample Prep and Biomarker Assay Development San Francisco, USA, Managing Biomarker-Driven Clinical Trials Miami, USA, The Biomarker Conference Orlando, Florida, USA, ART World Congress Symposium on Safe and Efficient IVF New York City, USA, World Conference on Regenerative Medicine 2015 Leipzig, Germany, Craniofacial Morphogenesis & Tissue Regeneration Ventura, CA, USA, Keystone Stem Cells and Cancer Breckenbridge, CO, USA, Keystone Stem Cells and Regeneration in the Digestive Organs (X6) Keystone, Colorado, USA, Stem Cells: from Basic Biology to Therapeutic Application Suzhou, China, EMBL Hematopoietic Stem Cells: From the Embryo to the Aging Organism Heidelberg, Germany.

In 2008 United States researchers stored 270 million specimens in biobanks, and the rate of new sample collection was 20 million per year. These numbers are large and representative of a fundamental worldwide change in the nature of research between the time when such numbers of samples could not be used and the time when researchers began demanding them.Collectively, researchers began to progress beyond single-center research centers to a next-generation qualitatively different research infrastructure. Some of the challenges raised by the advent of biobanks are ethical, legal, and social issues pertaining to their existence, including the fairness of collecting donations from vulnerable populations, providing informed consent to donors, the logistics of data disclosure to participants, the right to ownership of intellectual property, and the privacy and security of donors who participate. Because of these new problems, researchers and policymakers began to require new systems of research governance.