Xiaoling Chen
Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China
Title: Crop germplasm resources bank in China
Biography
Biography: Xiaoling Chen
Abstract
A national crop germplasm resources conservation system, including in situ conservation and ex situ conservation, has been preliminarily built up in China. Up to now, 169 in situ conservation sites have been established in provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions. All these in situ conservation sites involve wild relatives of crops, such as wild rice, wild soybean, wild wheat relatives and so on. Ex situ conservation system includes one national long-term genebank, one national duplication genebank, 10 national medium-term genebanks, 43 national field repositories and two in vitro genebanks for potato and sweet potato, respectively. Around 60,649 accessions are in field repositories and 14 species, 2,091 accessions of potato cultures and 16 species, 1,198 accessions of sweet potato cultures are in in vitro genebanks. The National Crop Genebank of China is the long-term and mid-term preservation center and advanced research center on conservation technologies for crop genetic resources in China. It includes one long-term genebank and one medium-term genebank. It holds crop seeds of 898 species, 404,690 accessions for long-term at -18°C and 212,692 accessions for mid-term at -4°C, respectively. There are 38 species, 353 accessions of cultures in in vitro at 10-20°C and 15 species, 140 accessions of pollen, shoot tips and dormant buds or segments cryopreserved at -196°C in liquid nitrogen for vegetatively propagated crops.