International Conference and Exhibition on Tissue preservation & Bio-banking July 20-22, 2015 Barcelona, Spain

Elena Ferioli obtained a degree in Biology from the University of Insubria (1998) where she undertake her academic career attaining two PhD, the first in Evolutionary Biology and Development (2002) and the second in Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology. Since 2007 she cover a technical and scientific role in the Department of Medicine and Public Health and recently in the Department of Biotechnology and Life Science, in support to forensic research.rnSince 2010, with higher education courses in Clinical Risk Management and in Ethics Health Management, she deal with research in bioethics with particular reference to genetics and biobanks.rn

Setting - For about two decades at the University of Insubria researchers have been independently collected and stored a lot of human biological samples to study the pathological mechanisms of diseases. Furthermore the University provides specific training programs in Bioethics, Applied Ethics and Clinical Ethics Consultation aimed to face to critical topics related to medicine and research.rnObjectives - The aims of our project are: to design an academic “Insubria Biobank” as an unique key research infrastructure, to identify an appropriate “Ethical Framework”, and to create an institutional “Biobank Ethics Consultation Services” (BECS).rnMethods - We maps the key challenges and controversities of biobanking ethics with reference to: i) research protocols submitted to ethical evaluation, ii) research conducted in ethics training programs (PhD and Master) and iii) the international literature.rnResults - Regarding the ownership of biological samples and the intellectual property rights we approve the concept of “solidarity” and “open science”. The model of “broad” informed consent seems to prevail. Regarding the confidentiality we reflect upon the right to privacy, data coding and authorized access.rnDiscussion - We believe that the patient’s trust is the main matter. The Insubria Biobank would become subject responsible for the custody and management of biological materials and the protection of data confidentiality according to a model of “Charitable Trust”.rnConclusion - This “credit of trust” must be fed and confirmed by the ethical choices of the Insubria Biobank: Independent Ethics Committee, Ethics Code and Biobank Ethics Consultation Services (BECS). rn

Xavier Bernasconi is completing his Master of biobank management degree at the age of 22 years from School of Biology Biochemistry Biotechnologies (ESTBB), Faculty of Sciences, Catholic University of Lyon, France ( Diploma of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France ). He worked as a intern in 3 biobanks (2 in France and 1 in England) and in 2 laboratory.

Xavier Bernasconi is completing his Master of biobank management degree at the age of 22 years from School of Biology Biochemistry Biotechnologies (ESTBB), Faculty of Sciences, Catholic University of Lyon, France ( Diploma of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France ). He worked as a intern in 3 biobanks (2 in France and 1 in England) and in 2 laboratory.rn Abstract : Low-temperature cryopreservation is a common method for the preservation of microorganisms. However, this method has a major defect which is a strong rate of bacterial mortality. To limit this loss, many studies have shown the efficiency of additives in the cryopreservation medium. Called cryoprotectives, these additives allow to protect bacteria against freezing and thawing damages. However, this protection is only partial and it changes according to the used cryoprotective agent and preserved bacterial strain. This preliminary study compares four methods of cryopreservation, using as cryoprotective glycerol or skimmed milk. Our results demonstrate that the use of glycerol (18 %) in the cryopreservation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains allows to obtain higher bacterial viability than skimmed milk (10 %).rn

Vysekantsev I. is PhD (Med), he is qualified as a highest category doctor. Thirty nine years’ experience of working at the Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. During 20 years being the lecturer of the medical microbiology training course at Medical Faculty of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. He currently heads the Department for Long-term storage of biological objects at low temperatures and Cryomicrobiology. Engaged in studying the mechanisms of anabiotic state of microorganisms and development of techniques of long-term storage of microorganisms for biotechnology and medical industry.

The question on expedient use of the probiotics in a combined treatment of a number of diseases accompanied by quantitative and qualitative changes in the intestinal microbiota, has still remained debatable. However, the positive effect of probiotics was confirmed by the reports and recommendations of FAO, WHO, WGO (2002, 2008, 2011, 2012, 2014). In this regard, the researches are performed to design the new probiotic drugs, in particular those, immobilized in the gel carriers or on the surface of the sorbents. \r\nWe obtained the experimental drugs, containing Saccharomyces boulardii, Bifidobacterium bifidum LVA-3, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus 1Z 03501, immobilized on the carbon-enterosorbents. We investigated the safety of the \"carrier - cells\" systems after storage for one year at various temperatures. There were studied biological properties and therapeutic efficiency of probiotics, immobilized on enterosorbents, after low temperature storage.\r\nIt has been found that during low-temperature storage the safety of “carrier -cells\" system is affected by cooling rate, composition of preserving medium, species cryoresistance of microorganisms, the sorbent structure. \r\nThe maximum safety of the drugs was provided by the temperature regimens from -80 to -196C. The manipulations, associated with immobilization on enterosorbents and low-temperature storage did not change in probiotics the spectrum of antagonistic activity and sensitivity to antibiotics, the enzymatic properties and the resistance rate to gastric juices and bile.\r\nIntroduction of immobilized probiotics to laboratory mice and rats with experimental chemotherapy dysbiosis contributed to a more rapid recovery of intestinal microbiota and eradication of internal organs on translocated microflora.

Vysekantsev I. is PhD (Med), he is qualified as a highest category doctor. Thirty nine years’ experience of working at the Institute for Problems of Cryobiology & Cryomedicine of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. During 20 years being the lecturer of the medical microbiology training course at Medical Faculty of V.N. Karazin Kharkiv National University. He currently heads the Department for Long-term storage of biological objects at low temperatures and Cryomicrobiology. Engaged in studying the mechanisms of anabiotic state of microorganisms and development of techniques of long-term storage of microorganisms for biotechnology and medical industry.

Current medical technologies, veterinary medicine, food industry there often apply the drugs containing the live microbial cells and their metabolites. For long-term storage of commercial forms of these drugs lyophilization, thermal drying and storage at low temperatures are used. Under low temperatures the suspensions of microbial cells are stored as a rule in different protective media. They reduce the damaging effect of physical and chemical factors, the development of which is related to crystallization, i.e. re-crystallization of water during cooling and thawing.\r\nRecently an interest in designing the drug delivery systems (DDS) has been increased. Frequently there are designed the DDS for peroral application based on alginates gel. Gel matrices have high barrier properties during passing through the stomach and small intestine. Immobilization of microbial cells in the gel granules or microcapsules allows their use immediately after thawing. \r\nWe have studied the viability of the Saccharomyces boulardii yeast cells and Escherichia coli M-17 bacteria after freezing down to -196ï‚°C in noncovalent gels: carrageenan (1%), sodium alginate (1%), gelatin (2.5; 5%) agar (1%), starch (1%).\r\nAll the investigated gels were found to have a pronounced cryoprotective effect when freezing S.boulardii and E.coli M-17. They are expedient to be used as the DDS matrices of microbial preparations which are intended to be stored at low temperatures.\r\n

She is physician, specialized in Legal Medicine and PhD in Bioethics. She has a master in Applied Bioethics. She is a member of Federico II University Ethics Committee at Naples, from 2010 until now.

Bio-banks or bio-libraries are public or private institutions engaged in long-term preservation of human biological material and donors’ personal data.
\r\nBy biological material samples it is meant cells, tissues, blood, DNA, as pool of genetic information. By personal data it is meant the genetic features, health and life style of donors. \r\nBio-banks are certainly an advantage for the progress of science and public health as they give large-scale access to demographics and the genetic pool of world’s populations. Nevertheless there are concerns among citizens and specialists that personal information and biological material can be used for purposes other than those initially expected by donors. In our opinion any biological material must be protected from any abuse. The rules concerning the collection, preservation, treatment and processing of biological samples and personal information should be harmonised at world leve, reconciling the right to individual privacy and the possibility to develop further scientific research. On this matter the Ethics Committee of Università di Napoli Federico II, write the guidelines on using biobank in each aspects (legislative, procedural and ethical).
\r\nIt applies a procedure worked out some years ago to inform and acquire consent to the use and preservation of biological material for scientific research purposes, consistent with the indications for treatment of genetic data issued the Italian Authority on Privacy. This form for informed consent is divided in multiple sections, each one presenting a range of options for patients so as to give them, on a step-by-step basis, the possibility to express their specific consent to every single activity of research and, in case, to deny consent to any of them . Though cumbersome it may look, this process lets donors receive thorough information before deciding about the fate of the biological material that still belongs to them.